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配电网全绝缘全密封SF6看门狗分界开关开闭所NKVSR3简介

 看门狗分界全绝缘全密封六氟化硫开关开闭所

共箱式SF6六氟化硫气体全绝缘全密封真空开关柜

配网看门狗分界开关在10 kV线路上的应用可大大减少无故障线路的连带性事故停电、缩小故障停电范围、缩短用户停电时间，从而提高用户的供电可靠性。

分界负荷开关是将负荷开关和微机保护测控，以及通讯模块融为一体的装置，可随配电网络配置、体积小、投资少，它的应用对提高配电网的安全可靠性，保证电网的安全运行具有重要意义。
 
1. 分界负荷开关的性能和主要作用

1.1 性能及结构

一般分界开关由开关本体及测控单元两大部分构成见，结构示意图1。

           图1　分界开关控制器示意图

我公司的分界开关其主要功能：运行中自动隔离用户侧相间短路故障、自动切除用户侧接地故障，并可用于操作拉合负荷电流。

分界负荷开关带有一套内置电压互感器、一套内置电流互感器；有CPU内部处理器和通讯模块；故障跳闸时带有电压判断和故障记忆；具备跳闸闭锁功能。

分界负荷开关适用于10 kV中性点不接地、经消弧线圈接地或经低电阻接地系统的10 kV配电线路与用户（含临时用户）的分界。

2.2 主要作用

2.2.1 自动切除单相接地故障

当用户支线发生单相接地故障时，分界开关自动分闸，甩掉故障支线，保证变电站及馈线上的其它分支用户安全运行。

2.2.2 自动隔离相间短路故障

当用户支线发生相间短路故障时，分界负荷开关在变电站出线保护跳闸后，立即分闸甩掉故障线路。变电站出线开关重合后，故障线路被隔离，使馈线上的其它分支用户迅速恢复供电。

2.2.3 快速定位故障点

用户支线故障造成分界开关动作后，仅责任用户停电，并可主动上报故障信息，使电力公司能迅速明确事故点，及时进行现场处理，使故障线路尽早恢复供电。

2.2.4 监控用户负荷

分界负荷开关可将检测数据传送电力管理中心，实现对远方负荷的实时监控。

2.3 分界负荷开关的故障处理方式

分界负荷开关的故障处理方式见表2。

表2　分界负荷开关的故障处理方式

3 分界负荷开关的定值与变电站出线保护定值配合问题

3.1 对于中性点不接地或经消弧线圈接地系统

相间短路动作电流定值：应考虑可靠躲过支线的最大负荷电流。动作时限应与变电站出线保护重合闸动作时间相配合，在重合闸动作之前，分界负荷开关动作跳闸。

单相接地动作电流定值：零序电流动作定值，根据线路截面和长度确定，应考虑躲过线路对地电容电流。由于在中性点不接地或经消弧线圈接地系统中，发生单相接地故障，变电站出线保护不跳闸，只发出接地信号，允许短时间接地运行。为了便于判断故障，此时分界负荷开关的动作时限，应考虑躲过瞬间接地时限，并在变电站发出接地信号之后再动作跳闸，可选择6～8 s。

3.2 对于中性点经小电阻接地系统

相间短路动作电流定值：同上。

单相接地动作电流定值：中性点经小电阻接地系中，由于变电站10 kV架空出线一般配置两段零序保护，一段120A、时限为0.2 s；二段20A、时限为1 s。因此，此时分界负荷开关的零序电流动作定值和动作时限，应与变电站零序保护相配合，选择0 s。

4 分界负荷开关在运行维护中应注意的问题

应定期检查分界负荷开关本体及控制器外观是否完好；分界负荷开关指示状态是否正确，运行状态下是否储能；分界负荷开关引线间距是否符合规程要求；各部位连接是否紧固、有无过热现象；接地装置是否完好、有无锈蚀；控制器指示灯有无闪烁告警。

检查分界负荷开关是否轮换或接地电阻摇测是否超期，安装有分界负荷开关的用户内部设备相间有无故障，变电站馈线断路器跳闸重合成功后，应及时组织查找线路故障点，发现分界负荷开关分闸时，应及时向用电管理部门通报（分界开关动作后，控制器的故障指示灯持续闪烁48 h）。

应定期安排对分界负荷开关清扫检查，检查周期与线路登杆清扫检查周期相同。原则上分界负荷开关运行超过10年应安排轮换检修。
 

5 安装分界负荷开关应注意的问题

分界负荷开关装置只能装于分支线路或末端线路上，不得串连使用，见图2。

图2　分界负荷开关安装示意图

分界负荷开关作为电力公司与用户分界第一开关，负荷侧接用户。

分界负荷开关本体安装时，安装前有关部门应组织进行绝缘电阻测定、工频耐压的检测及试验；绝缘电阻测定标准：使用2500 V兆欧表摇测绝缘电阻，分界负荷开关，相对地及断口间≥1000　MΩ。工频耐压试验标准：分界负荷开关，相对地及断口间：42 kV  1min（因分界负荷开关内部安装TV，不做相间耐压试验）。分界负荷开关分合闸操作面及指示面应朝向外侧。                         

 分界负荷开关控制器安装在负荷开关本体面板上.可以通过简单的操作完成对开关的控制.

 
6 综上所述

分界负荷开关在10 kV线路上的应用，大大减少了无故障线路的连带性事故停电、缩小故障停电范围、缩短用户停电时间，从而提高所带用户的供电可靠性。

分界负荷开关较好地解决了变电站10 kV出线发生相间短路，以及单相接地故障时快速定位查找故障点的要求。
 

二  配电网全绝缘全密封SF6（六氟化硫）看门狗分界负荷开关本体部分介绍

NK(XGN口-12)箱型固定式交流充气金属封闭开关设备  

概述

 NK(XGN口-12)箱型固定式交流充气金属封闭开关设备

(简称”SF6环网柜)是在

ABB公司ABBUniswitch Safe-Ring\Safe-Plus环网柜SF6负荷开关技术基础上,

结合我公司多年产品开发和制造经验,自主开发的具有高可靠性的免维护小型化开关柜,产品适用于三相交流50Hz,电压为3-24KV环网供电或辐射供电系统;产品所有高压带电部件,包括负荷开关,断路器,接地开关,一次母线等均密封在充有SF6气体的不锈钢箱体中,进出线采用全密封的肘形电缆插头,受环境影响少,在使用环境比较恶劣及空间比较窄的场所更显出优越性:如:预装式变电站,地下变电站,区矿企业或环境潮湿,污秽较严重的地区.

 本系列环网柜符合

GB/T11022-1999<<高压开关设备和控制设备标准的共用技术要求>>,

GB3804-2004<3.6KV-40.5KV高压交流负荷开关>>,

GB16926-1997<<高压交流负荷开关-熔断器>> 

GB-1985-2004<<高压交流隔离开关和接地开关>>,

DL/T404-1997 <<户内交流高压开关柜订货技术条件>>,

DL/T791-2001<<户内交流充气式开关柜选用导则>>等标准,

在正常条件下运行寿命超过20年.

General

   NK(XGN口-12) series fixed type indoor AC metal clad switchgear (SF6 RMU Abbreviation). one of minimized switchgear with the character of excellence reliability and maintenance free ,is a new product self –developed by R&D of  group based on the years experience in R&D and fabrication on products and on the advance technology of ABB SF6 LBS &ABB Uniswitch Safe-Ring\Safe-Plus.

The product is suitable for AC 3 to 24KV power distribution system with configuration either ring

or radiant.. Its all live part including LBS,CB, ES and primary busbar are sealed in the tank made of

stainless steel and the elbow –shape cable connectors and adopted for the incoming or out-going, that

leds it is suitable for use in the bad ambient condition and relatively restricted space ,just like in

pre-fabricated substation, underground substation, industrial and mining enterprises or in high humidity

and heavy pollution area.

         The series of RMU is compliance with the following standards and its service life is mord than 20 years under normal ambient condition.

GB/T1022-1999 <<Common specifications for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear standars>>

IEC 694:1996 Common specifications for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear standards EQV

GB3804-2004 <<Alternating current high voltage load-breaker>>

(IEC 60265-1/FDIS: 1997 high voltage switchgear part 1:Swiches for rated voltage above 1KV and less than 52KV .MOD

GB/T1984-2003 <<Alternating current high –voltage circuit-breaker>>

(IEC 62271-100: 2001 high –voltage switchgear and controlgear part 100: high-voltage alternating-current circuit-breakers .MOD)

GB/T1984-2004<<High-voltage alternating-current disconnectors and earthing Switches>>

(IEC 62271-100: 2002 high –voltage  alternating-current disconnectors and earthing switches .MOD)

DL/T404-1997<<Indoor AC high voltage switchgear>>

(IEC298:1990 A.C metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1KV and up to including 52KV .EQV)

DL/.T791-2001<<Specifications of A.C. HV gas-filled switchgear panel >>

 (IEC420:1990   high-voltage alternating current switch-fuse combination and IEC 517-1990

Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltage of 72.5KV and above :MOD)

                   Product code of manufacturer

                   NK(XGN口-12)口

                   NK产品企业代号

                          X箱型 Cubicle Type

                             G固定式 Fixde Type

                                 N户内 Indoor

                                   口设计序号 Design Series

                                        12额定电压kV Rated Voltage

                                               口组合方案(V、F、C、D)  

                                                      Combination Scheme

                                                      V: 真空断路器单元

                                                      V: VCB unit

                                                       F: 负荷开关熔断器组合单元

                                                       F : LBS-Fuse combination unit

                                                       C: 负荷开关单元

                                                       C: LBS unit

                                                       D: 直接进出线单元

                                                       D: in & Out Directly unit

开关柜外形及基本结构

1双通套管(单元扩展用)

2熔断器室

3电缆室

4操作机构

5充气单元

6底架

The outline and base structure of cubicle

1 Connecting bushing(for extending)

2 Fuse chamber

3 Cable chamber

4 Operating mechanism

5 Unit gas filled

6 Support frame

结构特点

   产品由充气室,操作机构,箱体底架,电缆室,熔断器室及低压室等五部分组成:

1共箱式设计:多回路的一次元件安装在同一个充气室内,完成多项供配电功能,组合灵活.

2采用SF6气体作为绝缘介质,最大限度缩小了柜体的体积.

3采用屏蔽型电缆接头,绝缘表面接地可触摸,安全可靠,能适应恶劣的环境条件.

4采用压气式灭弧原理,SF6气体作为灭弧介质,额定转移电流达到2200A

5断路器采用真空灭弧,短路开断能力强,不会污染SF6气体

6负荷开关和接地开关之间装有完善的机械联锁装置.

7充气室设有多个观察窗口,可从多个角度看到断口状态.

8开关柜设有带电显示器,气压表,压力释放装置等,操作安全可靠

9充气室为不锈钢壳体,可靠接地,增加了电气安全性

10负荷开关安装在封闭的绝缘筒中,既减少了污染,又方便更换

11根据用户的需要,在柜体上方可以引出套管作为扩展单元用

12底架空间宽阔,可安装多分支电缆插头及避雷器等.

Features in configuration

The RMU consists of 5 portions :Gas filled chamber, Operation mechanism, Supporting frame,Cable chamber, Fuse chamber and Secondary circuit(LV) chamber

1 One tank design: Multi-circuit in one gas filled tank with agile combination to performance difference power distribution functions

2 With SF6 gas as insulated medium to reduce the volume greatly

3 Shield cable terminals with touchable surface and reliable safety character are suitable for abominable ambient condition

4 Using SF6 as the arc extinguishing medium ,the LBS which adopting gas-pressed are extinguishing principle is able to break the transfer current up to 2200A

5 The circuit breaker is vacuum type with high breaking capacity and no pollution to SF6 gas

6 There is a perfect mechanical interlock between LBS and ES.

7 The state of contacts can be chock in difference angles by eye easy from some viewing windows of tank filled

8 The cubicle is equipped with the living indicator, pressure gage and the over pressure releaser to ensure the safety of service

9 The tank filled with gas and made from stainless steel is earthing reliably to increase the electric safety

10 The fuse is barreled in insulated cylinder to prevent the pollution in which the fuse body is easy to replace

11 If need to extend to fit a bushing on the top of cubicle for extending is available

12 The multi-branch cable plugs and arresters can be fitted in bottom support chamber with vast space

   Product code of manufacturer

操动机构

负荷开关操动机构:

手动或电动,弹簧储能快合快分操作.

Operating mechanism

   Operating mechanism of LBS: Manual or motor,

Spring energy storing for performing fast C & fast O operation.

 接地开关操动机构:

手动分合闸操作;合闸时快速合闸装置使主地刀具有关合短路

电流的能力.

.接地开关与主开关有可靠的机械联锁机构

当主开关合闸后,接地开关不能合闸;反之.当接地开关合闸后,主开关不能合闸

   Operating mechanism of ES:

Manual operating; The main earthing blade is provided with the capacity of making short circult current due its fast closing design.

There is a rellable mechanical interlock between the LBS and the ES,when the LBS is in close position the ES cannot be closed;when,contrarily,the ES is closed the LBS can not be closed.

负荷开关熔断器组合电器的操作机构

手动或电动操作使合闸,分闸弹簧同时储能,操作机构储能后显示”弹簧已储能”..合闸时,合闸弹簧释能快速合闸,分闸弹簧维持储能状态;若有故障电流使熔断器熔断,则熔断器的撞针使脱扣器动作开关快速断开.分闸时,通过手动或电动方式反方向操作(或通过分励脱扣器,熔断器撞击装置动作)使分闸弹簧脱扣后迅速释放以实现”快分”.

The mechanism of LBS-Fuse combination unit:

   Manual or motor energize the O & C springs synchronously, The indicator of “ Spring energized “will appear after spring energized.

When closing ,the C spring release the energy stored quickly to close the LBS, the O spring keeps in energized estate, if the fuse is melted due to the fault current, then the  firing-pin of fuse strikes the releaser of LBS to open quickly.

When opening, the O spring will release the stored energy to perform the “ast open” by the opposition-operation of manual or motor (or by the shunt releaser or by the strike action of the firing-pin of fuse)

断路器操动机构

采用弹簧操作机构,通过波纹管密封装置传递分合闸动力.

Operating mechanism of CB

Spring mechanism drives the close or open energy to CB by seal bellows driver

充气室

SF6环网柜是一种小型的GIS开关设备,所有高压带电部件均封闭在不锈钢壳体内,箱体里充有相对压力为0.03Mpa的SF6气体,起绝缘及灭弧作用.

 充气室内安装有专用的吸附剂,可有效控制SF6气体的水分含量以及电弧分解物所产生的其他杂质.

 每个充气室带有气压表,底部装有压力释放装置和释放通道,当箱体内部气压由于短路故障,高温等原因导致异常升高时,它首先被破而释放压力,对人身及设备起到了安全防护作用.

Gas filled chamber

NK(XGN口-12)series SF6 RMU is a kind of GIS ,its all HV living part are sealed in a stainless

Steel tank which filled with SF6 gas at 0.03Mpa in as insulation and arc extinguishing medium.

   There is a special absorbent inside ,to absorb the trace moisture of SF6 gas and the decompositions of SF6 by the function of arc and other impurity/.

  Each gas-filled tank of cubicle is equipped with a pressure gauge, and with a pressure releaser and the pressure relief channel. If the gas pressure in the tank rises up to abnormal value due to the arc or high temperature ,then the releaser is broken firstly by pressure to release the pressure therefore to ensure the

Safety of operator and the equipment.

负荷开关

        负荷开关以SF6气体作为绝缘和灭弧介质,采用独特的直动压气式灭弧原理.利用活塞和气缸在开断过程中的相对运动产生压缩气体经喷口处高速吹向电弧,电弧被拉长,并冷却至熄灭

LBS

The LBS adopts the princlple of straight move to compress gas to extinguish the arc.The current carrying part is apart from the arc-extinguishing prat,during the opening, the gas compressed by the piston

and cylinder with opposite movement blows to the arc quickly via a nozzle,then the arc is being stretched

负荷开关熔断器组合电器

熔断器安装在环氧树脂制成的绝缘套筒中,从柜前可以很容易的进行更换.绝缘套筒插入到充气室内,并与充气室之间有很好的密土封,既保证了充气室内SF6气体不会泄漏,又保证了充气室内电气部件与熔断器之间可靠的电气连接.任意一相熔断器熔断,负荷开关脱扣跳闸.

LBS-Fuse combination unit

The fuse is barreled in insulated cylinder in which the fuse body is easy to replace from the

Front side of cubicle. The insulated cylinder is inserted in gas filled tank and with sealed well from

Tank ,so the gas in the tank can not leak and the fuse has a reliable contact with the living part in side.

If the fuse in any phase is melted due to the fault current, then LBS to be opened quickly.
 

环网柜主要技术参数                                         Table 1

电缆的安装与连接

位于柜体下部的电缆室,实现多回路的进出线连接

Cable connection:

Multi-circuit cables can be arranged and connected in the nether cable chamber.

单元扩展:

位于柜体上部引出的双通套管,通过绝缘母线实现与相邻柜体的自由组合及扩展

Unit extending :

The bushing located in the top of cubicle can be used for joining the contiguous cubicles freely and extending by insulated busbar ducts

多于5回路时采用绝缘母线扩展

Insulated busbar ducts are suitably used for extending the circuits as that is more than 5

环网柜主要方案

环网柜主要方案(可根据用户要求进行左侧扩展,右侧扩展,左右两侧扩展;左侧进出线,右侧进出线.)

The main scheme of the RMU

(The extending of cubicle in double side or in one side is available according to the requirement of

user, the side in-coming or out-going arrangement is also available.)

注: R-直接进线单元 L-负荷开关单元 T-负荷开关熔断器组合单元 D-真空断路器单元

带有熔断器方案柜体上方深度为745mm, 只有负荷开关方案柜体上方深度为700mm

带断路器方案柜体上方深度为850mm

Note: D=745mm for with fuse

 D=700mm for with LBS only

安装

.开关设备安装基础的施工应符合<<电力建设施工及验收技术规范>>中的有关条款规定:

电房高度不低于2.5米

柜体单列时,柜前走廊以1.5米为宜;双列布置时,柜间操作走廊以2米为宜;

一次电缆终端安装严格按相关工艺要求:

电缆沟上方预埋10号槽钢,柜子放在槽钢上固定;

Installation

The foundation for cubicle should be in conformance with the relative requirements Stipulated in

<<The Code of Erection and Acceptance of Electric Power Construction>>

The height of cubicle room should not be lower than 2.5m

The width of the corridor in front of cubicles which are arranged in one row takes 1.5m properly,2m for

Double rows arrangement

The assembly of primary cable terminals should be in accordance with requirements of relative technology

Strictly

The No.10 U type steel should be built in the top edges of cable trench as the base of cubicle

订货时需确定的资料内容

一次线路系统图,排列图及平面布置图

二次线路原理图,其中包括操作,信号,保护回路各电器无件的型号规格

开关柜内电器元件的型号,规格,数量

特殊环境条件下的要求

附件及备件的种类和数量

用户需要的特殊要求,订货时可以与制造厂协商

The information specified for ordering

Primary scheme and the layout or arrangement sketch

Principle diagram of secondary circuit, including the type and the spec of electric components in operation,

Signal and protection circuit

The type, specification and quantity of primary components in the cubicle

Special ambient condition

The sorts and the quantity of accessories and spare parts

For special requirement, if any, please contact the manufacturer.